Showing posts with label Montessori. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Montessori. Show all posts

Sunday, 29 December 2013

Introduction

At University Wales Trinity Saint David Swansea, I am currently studying Education Studies and I have based my blog on four concepts that I have found most interesting throughout my 21st Century Learning lectures and seminars. The concepts that I have chosen are Steiner Waldorf Education, Learning Outside the Classroom, Philosophy for Children and Montessori Schools. Each of these concepts can be linked through the importance of play for a child’s development during their education.

Steiner Waldorf Education
I have begun this post with a brief background to how Steiner schools were first introduced and later became a worldwide movement. The Steiner school curriculum has also been brought into my blog post to indicate that Steiner believed in a curriculum based on the whole development of a child to help engage in their abilities. I have mentioned the different stages of Steiner schools which include Kindergarten or Early Years (3-7), Lower School (7-14) and Upper School (14-19). These have been mentioned in my blog as I believe they show the development of the curriculum through Steiner schools and how it gradually changes as the children develop.

I decided to talk about Steiner Waldorf Education as it is something that interests me as it has its own curriculum. Although, before I began my research, I did not believe that Steiner Education would be better than the core curricular I am currently use to, I have come to agree with some of Rudolf Steiner’s ideas as I also believe that children learn more effectively when they are given more time to develop socially.

Learning Outside the Classroom
This post explains the importance of enabling children to learn outside the classroom, either through school trips or simply taking the children outside for a lesson. I have mentioned how taking children on a learning experience outside the classroom can develop their social skills as well as attendance. Also, I have spoken about Quality Badges from the Council for Learning Outside the Classroom which is a certificate for providers who meet a certain criteria.

I chose Learning Outside the Classroom as I believe that children are more engaged to learn when they are having fun and what they are being taught is put into a more realistic context. For this post, I could also bring my own experience into what I was trying to explain which made it more personal to me.

Philosophy for Children
I opened this post with a brief background to Matthew Lipman who introduced the theory that philosophical inquiry needed to begin early on in childhood. I have then spoken about how Philosophy for Children is taught to children and how often. As well as this, I introduced a table to show what types of thinking ‘Philosophy for Children’ can help a child develop. To finish the blog post, I mentioned about the outcomes, weaknesses and benefits of this programme for children as I thought this would be important in allowing people to come to their own conclusions.

I decided to write about Philosophy for Children as I found it different to the other concepts that I have been taught this semester. This is due to it encouraging children to develop their creative thinking as well as their judgement. This concept is also different as it does not mainly focus on play-based learning, which is a repetitive theme throughout the other concepts that I have mentioned.

Montessori
Similarly to the other three blog posts, I have begun with a brief background about Maria Montessori who introduced Montessori schools. I followed this with a timeline of events which led to the worldwide movement of Montessori schools which we now have in the UK. To conclude my post, I mentioned the role of the teacher and the Montessori settings as I found these equally important to the lead up of the schools due to the fact that they play an important role in Montessori schools then and now.

I chose Montessori schools as one of my blog posts since I knew a little about them before they were mentioned in my lecture. As I began my research, it became clear to me that this was going to be something that I wanted to write about. I believe that Montessori schools enable their children to learn at their own pace and will give them the personal satisfaction and ability to face challenges of everyday life.

To conclude, I believe that each concept is unique in the way that they teach children. Although, they differ in this way, each concept has great outcomes which will benefit children throughout their lives. I favour Philosophy for Children as it helps to engage them into learning through discussions, whereas while they are sat at a desk they can fear getting an answer wrong. The other concepts also help engage children in other ways, such as Learning Outside the Classroom which introduces children to new environments.

Monday, 16 December 2013

Montessori

Montessori education aims to nurture children’s development into complete adults, to be comfortable with themselves and society, as well as humanity as a whole (Iliffe-Moon, 2012).

Background
Maria Montessori became interested in education after graduating from the University of Rome medical school in 1896 with double honours. She became one of the two first women doctors in Italy, and during the first ten years of this profession she treated children and women in both the hospital of Rome and a private clinic (Isaacs, 2012).

                                                                                   (Rachelle, 2009)
Key Events
In 1906, Montessori established the first Montessori nursery, known as the Casa Dei Bambini in Rome. She was given no money for essential materials such as furniture and teachers. Due to this she had to be creative to ensure that her project would succeed. Toys were donated to the nursery and office furniture were reassembled into chairs and tables suitable for children. Montessori cared for the children’s physical needs, therefore children who attended the nursery were weighed, measured and provided with a balanced diet (Isaacs, 2012).
Montessori learned that manipulation and movement were key factors to learning in the early years, therefore the children became active learners. The children in these nurseries were encouraged to help look after their classroom and environment. She also recognised that children needed freedom, within limits, for self-development to be able to take place. This would encourage them to explore their favourable environment which is specially prepared to meet their developmental and also their individual needs (Isaacs, 2012).

Montessori attracted much attention in the press not only in Italy but also internationally during her discoveries between 1907 and 1908. Participants from Europe, North and South America, and Asia attended the first training course and discussions were made to establish Montessori schools in all four of the continents. In 1912 after the death of her mother, Montessori decided to travel within Italy and abroad to give lectures. The first international course was setup in Rome in 1913 which was attended by ninety students from all over the world (Isaacs, 2012).

Montessori Schools Today
There are around 22, 000 Montessori schools around the world, and the majority provide an education for children aged between two and six. Montessori placed the children at the centre of the education process, similar to other educators such as Froebel (1782-1852). Learning environments need to be child-lead while the adults facilitate and ensure that these interests are held within the curriculum (Isaacs, 2012).

Montessori Teachers
The teacher needs to have detailed knowledge of the child’s preferred learning styles a well as their interests, and use a wide range of resources. It is essential for the teacher’s role and attitudes to change to be able to support a child in their self-construction. They should also be patient, humble and respectful of the children’s efforts and should not control them (Isaacs, 2012).

Montessori Settings
Montessori settings enable children to develop at their own pace which follows the natural rhythm of each individual child. “Most parents still see education as a means to financial success in their child’s adult life” (Isaacs, 2012, p. 98). However, today they do recognise that without the personal satisfaction and the ability to be able to face challenges of everyday life their children will not develop in a healthy way (Isaacs, 2012).

Below is a video showing the brief principles of Montessori schools (321fastdraw, 2011):

References

321fastdraw, 2011. Trevor Eissler "Montessori Madness!" - 321 FastDraw. [Online]
Available at: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GcgN0lEh5IA
[Accessed 16 December 2013].

Iliffe-Moon, L., 2012. Absorbent Minds Montessori. [Online]
Available at: http://www.absorbentminds.co.uk/acatalog/What_is_Montessori_.html
[Accessed 16 December 2013].

Isaacs, B., 2012. Understanding the Montessori Approach. s.l.:Routledge Ltd.
Rachelle, 2009. My Hero. [Online]
Available at: http://www.myhero.com/go/hero.asp?hero=M_Montessori_whitworth_US_2009_ul
[Accessed 29 December 2013].